Monday, March 22, 2010

Application of Analysis.

Design Process.

To design a cabin for Gary Chang following his design principles and the ideas incorporated into the Suitcase House there are a few major points to take into consideration;
• Requirements of the cabin, a place for; sleeping, reflecting, abluting, working, living, dining, and preparing meals
• The major design and functional elements of the suitcase house
• Gary Chang's use of space for multiple things
• Adaptable and changeable living areas
• The needs of an architect in a working area
• Needs of a house in a sub-tropical climate
• Micro climate on site

Site.
First I examined the site where my cabin will go along with where the exemplars would sit according to their original orientation and topography. From these necessities the site plan was started.








The cabin.
From there I brainstormed my initial thoughts about the cabin, how I can overlap the space usage, framing the view of the landscape out the window of his workspace and climate I need to think about.




Plan of the house;

The Suitcase house seperates its functional and living spaces, to interpret this into my design I will seperate his studio and work space from the general living area.

Option A shows the literal translation of the work as a 'functional' space being smaller and under the larger living area. While option B shows gary chang's use of the roof which can be translated into a small office area with an open meeting or reflecting area around it to utilise the roof in my cabin. I have decided that I prefer option B and it's possibilities for a more delightful work space for Gary Chang as well as possibilities for hidden utilities under the living space like in the Suitcase House.



I then had to decide on the layout for the office space, I wanted to keep with the parti of a long rectangular shape, as evident through the Suitcase house. Option A takes advantage of full views and ventilation, B can be built into the western slope to make it more comfortable in the afternoon, C allows movement all around as well as stopping some western sun and mimicking the living space, D catches the then sun at the worst parts of the day, early morning and evening. I have decided that C is the most effective design.



Then the there was issue of how to enter the two spaces. They should act as two separate areas so that the work space could be used as an office situation. Option A helps to differentiate between the main space by continuing to the office as a narrower staircase, B doesn't differentiate the public and private spaces, C provides completely different entrances, separating the space the best, D still brings the clients past the living space while having separate entrances, and E isn't effective because the slope is too great to only have paths.




I then put all these concepts together to begin finalising the design for the cabin.




























Climate.

In this site that I have designed, the breeze would run through the valley and up the gently sloping hills. I can catch the breeze nomatter which side of 'Contextual Crescent' I build on, but if I build my cabin on the west of the street, the hill will blocksome of the western sun that would come through if the cabin was on the eastern side. This will ensure the house stays cooler in summer as the sun will stop shining on it earlier in the day. It will also mean the house is cooler in winter so I can use some of Gary Chang's techniques of thermal mass in a large concrete slab to help keep the house warm.



In the tropical climate it is very important to catch all the breezes possible through large openings and strategically placed windows.




Final design.
In response to the Suitcase House, my cabin design incorperates sleek, rectangular, simple spaces that are primarily open with the option to section or close them off. The same window pattern in sets of 3's is used as well as the distinct seperation of spaces, in this case the seperation of work and living. In response to the specific climate the openable walls help create air flow and by building into a western slope the harsher afternoon sun is elimiated from the living space.

Site Plan 1:500.


Lower level floor plan 1:50.


Upper level floor plan 1:50.


Section 1:50.


Elevation 1:50.


Interior.


Taken from the Suitcase house, the bedroom doesn't have to take up a large area, nor does storage when it's moved under the floorboards using pneumatic hinges.



The design includes walls that run along tracks in the roof, each section of wall is approximately 2m wide and runs ceiling to floor, they can join together to section off strategic rooms in the house or can be tucked away next to the stair case to allow a completely open living area.



This provides room dividing and space defining options for the cabin similar to those in the Suitcase House.





There is great freedom for the user to decide what space planning option is appropriate and how they want to inhabit the space.


Just like the Suitcase House, the cabin provides;

Great views out and cooling breezes in.


Heat in.


Pleanty of light to live and work in.


The cabin also creates a connection to nature with half the house being surrounded by a verandah. The height of the building and the placement creates a feeling of privacy as the user looks over the surrounding landscape.




The final design incorporates many functions, aesthetics and experiences of the Suitcase house on a smaller scale. It includes all the necessary functions for a small self contained living and working space and responds to environment successfully as well as creating a delightful experience for its user.

Saturday, March 20, 2010

Analysis of Archetype.

Why I chose Suitcase house.

I chose the 'Suitcase House' to research further because while all 3 exemplar houses present a unique adaption to their context and are all evidence of thorough design, the 'Suitcase house' is much more left of centre. It is unusual and highly intelligent and the opportunity to further explore the intimacies of this fascinating and modern design appealed to me. While I know I don't have the skill to successfully replicate a design of this calibre, Gary Chang's idea of space and the hidden functions of this house interest me. This piece of architecture adopts a different approach to open living and creates a unique experience.


The Suitcase House.


Here are Gary Chang's original sketches while he was designing the suitcase house.



Source: Chang, G. 2004. Suitcase House. Map Book Publishers.

The architectural drawings of Gary Chang reveal his simplistic design style. All the rooms of the house fit together in a snug puzzle-like fashion.

Floor plans 1:100.


Every aspect of the house is sleek, rectangular and simple.

Interior.


The hidden functional rooms in the lower strata under the floorboards.
Source: Chang, G. 2004. Suitcase House. Map Book Publishers.


Section 1:100.


Elevation 1:100.


Exterior.


Site Plan 1:200.


The house responds to its environment by creating;

Optimal views of the Great Wall of China.




Maximum solar exposure to help warm the house.











Allowing pleanty of natural light in.



It contains the user in a flexible, open environment with endless possibilities in which to use the space;

There are many possible rooms that can be sectioned off.



Rooms can interact in any way the user sees fit.


The functions of the house are seperated from the open living area.



It is a delightful piece of architecture because;

It is a constantly adjustable house with different paths and options.



The house can be changed according to what rooms are needed making it possible to be used by many different people for many different purposes.


It creates a private niche separated from the outside world.




Gary Chang and his architecture.


The unique and exciting space saving qualities of Gary Chang's architecture stem from his childhood. Gary Chang was born and raised in Hong Kong in a small apartment with very little personal space. Of the three bedrooms in their apartment he had none and had to sleep in the hallway on a sofa bed (Gardiner 2009). The lack of space is very common in Hong Kong causing stress and chaos for everyday life (Gardiner 2009). This experience of life has influenced his architectural qualities to value "transformation, flexibility and maximising space" (Gary Chang in Gardiner 2009). His designs create secretive, sleek, simple living spaces.

These architectural qualities are reflected obviously in his 2002 prototype Suitcase House. The house is a creation with ultimate flexibility of space, with curtains that slide to divide the space in whatever way the user needs. He conceals the functions of the house in a lower level under floorboards leaving maximum space and open area on the upper level.

"Its character is certainly not limited to a space for living and working in, and definitely not determined by me...it is the people who inhabit it , and who engage in activities in it."(Chang 2004)


He redesigned his current apartment, retrofitting it with similar principles and ideas as the suitcase house. In his own house he has carefully chosen every placement and every product used. His goals in his architecture are "transformation, flexibility and maximising space" (Gary Chang in Gardiner 2009). He is aware of current technology and utilises everything he can to execute a flawless modular design. He includes a large flat screen TV, a guest bed that folds out over the bath tub, and has designed his home to have a futuristic feeling to it through colour and materials. He makes the most of the space he has and zones the different functions to fit together in the most logical pattern. His apartment is undoubtedly delightful in its seamless function as well as their intriguing modular design.

His architecture succeeds in what he sets out to do in maximising space especially and creating multifunctional rooms. From his perspective, these techniques are very important in a city such as Hong Kong, constantly growing in density. He see's space as a resource, and one that is not to be wasted, "the key idea is that everyone could look into their home more carefully and into how better to optimise their resources, because space is a resource" (Gary Chang in Mckenzie 2010).

When designing a working and living space for Gary Chang, it is clear I must design a simple, modular and space economising area.


Reference List;

Chang, G. 2004. Suitcase House. Map Book Publishers.

Gardiner, V. 2009. 24 Rooms tucked into one. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/15/garden/15hongkong.html?_r=1 (accessed March 11, 2010).

Mckenzie, H. 2010. Smal living; Sliding apartment. http://www.designtavern.com/2010/02/small-living-sliding-apartment/ (accessed March 16, 2010).

Archetype Research.

Lambert House

The 'Lambert house' or 'Rapunzel House' was designed by architect Russell Hall in 1986 for his sister. This 5 storey house is in the unusual shape of a dodecagon, creating a unique shape while still remaining simple to construct. Russel Hall thoroughly thought out angles and placement so that 30° and 60° angles coincide with right angles, creating a more architecturally viable building than a hexagonal one (Keniger & Hall 1990).

As an environmental filter the house aims to provide the user with a connection to the outside and a connection to the city, utilising the opportunity for beautiful city views on one side and a bush on the other. On the site itself, the verticality of the building acts to minimise the land use while incorporating all activities necessary and leaving as much of the environment as possible. The exterior staircase acts to bring the user outdoors in a physical sense. The house is made of wood and built against a hill which also helps to connect the user to nature. The design takes full advantage of the possible passive design opportunities, with a "broad side to the north to allow plentiful cross-ventilation and winter sun penetration" (Keniger & Hall 1990). Air is also drawn up through the house, leaving out a turbine vent on the top level.


As a container for human activities, the house facilitates the needs in a zoned and practical manor. As the house is shallow, containing mainly 2 rooms on each level they are arranged strategically. The user enters on the second level with the dining room and kitchen, the social and functional elements of a home with a living room on the floor above (Ninemsn n.d).


The house has many additions to ensure it is a delightful experience. Designed for his sister it is zoned and arranged for maximum convenience. With the master bedroom on the 4th level with more of the beautiful views and a sewing room on the 5th level and lookout over the city. The views of both nature and the city below create a feeling of power and onlooking. The house is comfortably small, designed at human scale with low ceilings and lots of windows. In the sewing room, or loft, he has put in stained glass windows and glass prisms to reflect and refract light through and outside the house for "subliminal psychic food" (Keniger & Hall 1990). The house has good exposure to the breeze and light to create a comfortable living space. It is unique and interesting and as the user approaches is visually exciting.



Brookes Street house

The 'Brookes Street House' was designed by James Russell in 2006 is an adaptive, composite house, making the most of a difficult site for him and his family. The narrow site between two 19th century churches is only 5.6m wide but James Russell has made the most of the entire site. The result is a concrete, steel and glass construction that is barely visible from the street (Mornement & Biles 2009, 108).

The house filters the environment by hiding between the churches to minimise road noise in the busy part of Brisbane. It is also set back 16m into the site to help get away from the busy city road. The house is centred around a small courtyard area with a section of grass that helps to make the house feel closer to nature as well as providing light and ventilation. The design is very open and light, suited to the Queensland climate, "push out timber windows regulate shade, sun and rain" (Mornement & Biles 2009, 108). The house is built against the wall of one of the churches, with reminders of the church through the house such as glimpses of the stained glass windows.


The zoning of the house helps to separate and create niches for the different activities. There are two "pavilions" (Russell 2006), one has a living and dining area while the other has bedrooms and a play area, separated by a grassy courtyard. The house gives the feeling of a private and secure world once entered. It caters for all the needs of his family.

It was designed to be a delightful experience after wanting to expand his opportunities on the site. He designed the various buildings in the site with the intention that "a small-scale proposal that enhanced the experience of the buildings was more appropriate" (Russell 2006). The grassed area in the centre provides a safe area and sanctuary for his children to play as well as providing a connection to nature in an inner city home. A subtle and discreet entrance to the house also helps to give the home a greater feeling of privacy.


Suitcase house


The 'Suitcase House' designed by Gary Chang in 2002 is a 350m2 building that aims to retain as much open and free space as possible. The Hong Kong based architect uses space very creatively, designing secretive and hidden functions throughout this innovative new house. It was designed as part of a development called 'The Commune' by the Great Wall of china in the Shuiguan Mountains. It is described as "one of the most playful and innovative villas at the commune" (Leece & Ong 2007, 103). The innovation of the house is in the pneumatic trapdoors that reveal the lower functions of the house (as seen in http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?pid=3691233&id=368204538862&fbid=373307613862) while leaving the main living area as a mainly open space. This house provides the user with intimacy and privacy as well as spontaneity and flexibility (Leece & Ong 2007, 103).

The house is designed intuitively on many levels, it successfully adapts to its environment by providing the user with maximum views of the Great Wall of China as well as orienting to capture the most sunlight. The numerous windows give the user views of the beautiful countryside all around. The timber clad interior helps to blur the divisions between inside and outside. The compact bedrooms are an efficient design, reducing the volume of air to assist in creating a warmer sleeping environment in a cold climate.

The house's flexibility helps to give the user an 'open book' when it comes to the way to use the space. Sliding curtains help to separate the space in various different ways and also provide privacy and intimacy. The house contains all the necessary functions; bathroom, kitchen, bedroom, storage, lounge and even a sauna. Minimal and moveable furnishings allow the large open upper room to be used for anything the user requires.

The novelty, quality and innovation of the space provides a very delightful and exciting experience for its user. The journey and discovery of all the functions the house has to offer adds to the novelty of its design. The main living space is open and spacious and has natural light coming into it, creating a comfortable area to experience the framed and easily viewable outside world. It creates a very delightful and unique experience.


Reference List;

Keniger, M. & R. Hall. 1990. Australian Architects: Rex Addison, Lindsay Clare & Russell Hall. ACT: Australian Institute of Architects.

Leece, S. & C. Ong. 2007. China Living. Singapore: Periplus Editions ltd.
Mornement, A. & A. Biles. 2009. Infill: new houses for urban sites. London: Laurence King.

Ninemsn. n.d. Tower House. http://ourhouse.ninemsn.com.au/ourhouse/factsheets/db/openhouse/02/257.asp (accessed March 1, 2010).

Russell, J. 2006. Brookes Street House. http://www.architecture.com.au/awards_search?option=showaward&entryno=20064145 (accessed March 3, 2010).

Images
Lambert House

Keniger, M. & R. Hall. 1990. Australian Architects: Rex Addison, Lindsay Clare & Russell Hall. ACT: Australian Institute of Architects.
Brookes Street House
Russell, J. 2006. Brookes Street House. http://www.architecture.com.au/awards_search?option=showaward&entryno=20064145 (accessed March 3, 2010)
Suitcase House
Leece, S. & C. Ong. 2007. China Living. Singapore: Periplus Editions ltd.